Artificial Intelligence and Robotics

To be able to create a synthetic being that could doin recent years, and has given us fully automated
the mundane chores of our every day lives, has beenweaponry that is able to track a target, and hit it with
a goal for us humans for not just the last 20 years, orpin point accuracy. Voice recognition has given us
the last century, but as far back as the ancientvoice activated devices such as those used in security
Greeks. In 350 BC, the Greek mathematician Archytassystems, and the ability to dictate to a computer and
built a steam powered mechanical pigeon, that couldhave the computer generate the text from a person's
fly. In 1495, Leonardo Devinci designed what looked likeverbalisation. Special sensors can be used to test
a mechanical Knight. In 1801, Joseph Jacquard built an(taste,touch) surfaces, chemicals, gasses etc. and
automated loom, that was controlled by punch cards.analyse them.
The punch cards being likened to a modern dayThe ability to reason with an automated device or
computer program, that told the loom how to work.robot, is one area that is a long way from being a
These are but a few examples of robotics andreality, but an area that has had, and will have many
automata of old. To find more, a simple web searchdevotees. There are two main branches of research
with "history of robots" will bring up a plethora ofwhen dealing with artificial intelligence and robotics, the
information for the budding technologist.first being the creation of a truly thinking and reasoning
When a person is first presented with the term artificialartificial life form much like the robots and computers
intelligence, they, as long as they have at least afound in fiction, such as Robby from the film The
minimal idea of the meaning, immediately conjure upForbidden Planet, or Data from Star Trek The Next
the view of subservient humanoid robots, doing ourGeneration, or the boy from the film Artificial
household chores, policing our streets, or taking on ourIntelligence. These, for now, are somewhat whimsical,
enemies in a combat zone. These, although beingbut should never be given up on, and with future
worked on, are quite some way from being a reality.advances in technology will at some point become a
Although, there are robot vacuum cleaners, andreality. The other branch is the more realistic approach
automated (robotic) missiles and vehicles to name butto making use of the byproducts of the artificial
a few, but none of any consequence in human form.intelligence research, that can be put to use in our day
There are many hurdles to be crossed beforeto day lives. This side has brought us the computer
humanoid robots will become common place, not leastand the parts that make up a computer (e.g. integrated
of all, the mostly negative psychological effect realisedcircuitry – chips). Automated weaponry and security
by many who our uncomfortable with a visuallysystems. Automated vehicles and craft, such as spy
realistic humanoid automaton.planes, and trains. Communication systems, such a
Walking on two legs, which us humans take formobile/cell phones and satellites. In fact, just about
granted, had the problem of balance to solve, and hasevery electronic device that is made contains some
only recently been mastered, as represented bysort of automation, including cars, vacuum cleaners,
mechanoids such as sony's Asimo. And running,gym equipment, buildings, street lighting... to name but a
although done fairly well by Asimo, still needs a goodfew.
amount of work before being able take on a humanAll in all, we would not have the gadget filled
athlete on a running track.electronics eutopia as we do now, if it was not for the
Emulating the human senses has provided computerpeople such as Charles Babbage, Alan Turing, and
scientists and engineers with many an obstacle.Steve Wozniak, to name but a miniscule number, 
Mastering sound, vision, touch and taste have beenwho pursued their dreams and as a result positively
met with varying degrees of success. Sound andcontributed to the world's knowledge of artificial
visual recognition has come along in leaps and boundsintelligence, robotics and computing.