The Science of Robosapien

At a glance, Robosapien looks great versus the oldNeeding to find a lighter-minded group of people from
school box on wheels with clear dome head. 'Ooh,' youhis government and NASA days, Tilden decided to go
say, looks kinda like a muscled storm trooper and theand join a toy company. Who better than one
fart button now that's a hoot. We nod in politeaudacious enough to self proclaim themselves, Wow
agreement, but behind your back, we snicker at yourWee! It was a great match, and they gleefully began
total lack of appreciation of the advanced roboticworking on toy dinosaurs and bugs based on Tilden's
theory involved.now renowned expertise.
Robosapien is a modern day turning point in theThen came the master project that one could fairly
evolution of robotics and is the first-ever robot basedsay would change the landscape of robotics
on the science of applied biomorphic robotics. (That'saltogether. FartDude, later named Robosapien after
what you should have been telling friends and family allinitial market testing, was to be the culmination of
this time rather than pointing out amusing cat-chasingTilden's work, finally bringing to bear a humanoid
ability.) Biomorphic robotics stems from Mark Tilden's(sapien-like, if you will) robot capable of an impressive
innovative new concepts in BEAM technology.list of moves and rude sounds.
A New Philosophy for Robot Kind BEAM is anIn Robosapien, you see the basics of BEAM
acronym for Biology, Electronics, Aesthetics andphilosophy and technological research. It follows the B
Mechanics. Dr. Mark W. Tilden founded this relativelyas a biomorphic rendition of humans, E for the fact you
new branch of robotic sciences in 1989, based on thecan't throw it in a bathtub, A because it's stylin the
premise that behavioral-rich robots need not be thelatest magazine covers, and one heck of a lot of M
wickedly complex projects reserved only forgoing into the robo dancing capability.
well-funded labs and cartoon villains.That's Mr. Sapien
Put another way, traditional approaches to creatingLike no robot ever before, the Robosapien is
robots have started with creating a sophisticated brainaffordable to the unwashed masses. The Robosapien
to maneuver the mechanics of the body. Though notis a crowning accomplishment when it comes to
discounting the incredible engineering feats of robotsmobility, power consumption, programmability, and
built this way, most notably the Sony Qrio and Hondamaybe most importantly: hackability.
Asimo, Mark Tilden strongly contends that this is theEach arm has full 360 motion ability allowed by the,
wrong approach to take.ahem, biomorphic shoulder joints and flexible elbows.
It's like trying to emulate a human when modernEnding in three articulated fingers, Robosapien is
technology and research can't realistically copy a bugcapable of picking up, gripping, and throwing objects.
from your garden. "[It's] an evolutionary dead end,"The genuine full walking motion (most robots don't
says Tilden. BEAM robotics is about taking thegenuinely walk outside a lab) is made possible design
bottom-up approach, to start from mastering theof the large feet and well placed sensors.
simple bug and moving up from there.And do you know how much power it usually takes to
Rather than attempt to create a centralized robo-brainrun a robot Fuggedabowdit. Regular robots are
to process every variable input and spit out a decisiondishonorable little battery-eaters always hungry for
(much, much harder than you may think), why not usemore, more, more! And who's going to pay for these
a system known as "subsumption architecture.''batteries, hmmm' Well Robosapien brings no shame to
Subsumption architecture is a clever technique whereitself when consuming power, essentially due to the
the actions of a robot are managed in layers, eachastounding mechanical physics. It runs a full 6 to 10
layer controlling one facet of the robot's operation.hours on just one set of batteries. In fact, if you move
For example, a low-level layer could be 'Walk Forward,'Robosapien's arm you'll actually generate power for it!
which the robot will happily do until it bumps intoHey man, that's shrewd.
something. At this point, the slightly higher level 'Lift LegFor those of you who want a robot that will fetch you
Higher' kicks in, overriding the 'Walk Forward' layer untila frosty one from the kitchen, you lazy bums will just
the robot successfully climbs over the obstacle, athave to wait until later versions. But you can program
which point 'Lift Leg Higher' stops, and the low-levelyour Robosapien to do some pretty cools things in the
'Walk Forward' takes over again. *meantime, like wander around taking swings at things,
Egocentric Bugsguarding your bedroom while you sleep, and a hilarious
So Tilden began building robot bugs on this principle,game of 'pull my finger'. Try teaching your dog that
and more selfish creatures they could not have been.trick smart guy.
Why's that? Well Tilden decided that Asimov's famousSo what's so hot about the hackability, and is that
Three Laws of Robotics:even a word you ask? You've got some nerve. Tilden
1. No hurt human.went through some serious, serious effort to be sure
2. Listen to human unless told 'Do hurt human'.that robot enthusiasts could take apart the robot, as he
3. Try to live with that.were antiquated notions that leftwould have done as a child, and tinker with
no room for a good practical joke at parties.modifications. Everything's color-coded in there to
So one dark and stormy night he penned Tilden'smake things easy for those of us without PhDs, and
Three Laws of Robotics:by all accounts, there's plenty of additional room and
1. A robot must protect its existence at all costs.power to accommodate whatever Frankenstein thing
2. A robot must obtain and maintain access to ayou can think up. There are entire books written on the
power source.subject should you wish to learn, so go forth and hack
3. A robot must continually search for better poweraway. If it's a good one, send it in and we'll publish for
sources.informally known as*:all too either mock or applaud.
1. Protect thy butt.And Another Thing
2. Feed thy butt.So the next time you look at your Robosapien give a
3. Move thy butt to better real estate.respectful nod to the world's first-ever robot based on
1. He justified this robotic declaration of self-interest asthe science of applied biomorphic robotics. Then go
the only way robots can start evolving the waychase a cat with it.
humans may have came from guppies looking for a* Graciously lifted from Dr. Tilden's excellent 'Junkbots,
good time by leaving the ocean.Bugbots & Bots on Wheels' book.
From Bugs to Sapiens