Port Forwarding: A Guide

So first, here are a couple of things that you can docomputer has 65536 ports (numbered 0 to 65535).
after you finish this section.- You can configureWhen a computer attempts to talk to another
BitTorrent to give you excellent speeds- You cancomputer, the attempt is always initiated along with a
configure your computer to play multiplayer gamesport number.Forwarding Ports Lets assume that a
over the internet- You can setup your computer as acomputer on the Internet needs to initiate a connection
terminal server (for remote desktop connections)- andto a specific software on your computer. The
many many more cool stuff!!This tutorial consists of 2software in discussion uses port 12345. For simplicity,
sections1. Understanding Port Forwarding2.we will call the initiating computer as ClientX, and your
Implementing Port Forwarding on commoncomputer as the ServerX. As we discussed earlier,
routersWhat is portforwarding?In one sentence,clientX only sees (and knows) the external IP address
portforwarding makes the internet see your computeri.e. the IP address of your router. It tries to initiate a
as if it were directly connected rather than beingconnection to that IP address with the port number
connected though a router. For the same reason, if12345. However, your router recieves this request, and
you dont have a router, and your computer IS directlysees 4 computers in your house connected to the
connected to the Internet, then you wont need thisrouter. The router is not able to figure which computer
tutorial.A little explanation: When a computer isthe connection from ClientX was intended for! So it
connected to the internet, it is assigned a uniquesimply drops the connection.Port forwarding is a setting
address called the IP address. This enables otherin the router which you can change to prevent this
computers on the internet to communicate with it andfrom happening. By doing this, you can tell the router
send packets to it and so on... An IP address has thethat any connections for port 12345 has to be
format ###.###.###.###. It looks like four sets offorwarded to ServerX. Now when the router recieves
numbers, separated by a dot. Each set can have aa request for a connection on port 12345, it checks its
value between 0 and 255.Usually the internet servicetable and sees your entry saying that all connections
provider is the guy who assigns you an IP address forfor port12345 have to be forwarded to serverX.
your connection. However, he gives you only ONE ipHence it routes the connection accordingly!Here we'll
address and this gets assigned to the cable/dslsee how to do portforwarding on most routers.
modem at your house. If you directly connect yourScenario : Lets say you need to forward port 6889 to
computer to the cable/dsl modem, you are using this IPa computer whose Internal IP is 192.168.1.10.Step 1: Find
address to communicate with other computers on theyour gateway IP address. To get this, in windows,
internet. However, you can connect only one computerselect Start > Run. Type in "CMD" and hit enter. Inside
to the cable modem at any given time. So you go tothe command window, type "ipconfig" and hit enter.
the nearest store and buy a router.Role of the routerThe screen will show you the default gateway. Note
A router connects to the cable/dsl modem and splitsthis down.Step 2: Open Internet explorer. Enter your
the one internet connection into multiple connections sogateway from Step 1 in the address bar, and hit enter.
all the computers in your house can enjoy internetA popup window will ask you to authenticate into your
connectivity simultaneously. Once you get the router,router with a username and password. Enter the
you connect the router to your cable/dsl modem, andusername and password. If you dont remember, try
all your computers to the router.Internal and External IPthe default ones below:Linksys router : Default
addresses Once you start using a router, the IPusername "" password "admin"
address given by your internet service provider getsNetGear router : Default username "admin"
assigned to the router. This IP address is called thepassword"password"
External IP address, as it is part of the externalBelkin router : Default username "" password""
network between your router and the Internet. TheD-Link router : Default username "admin" password""
router in turn assigns new IP addresses to theGateway router : Default username "admin"
computers connected to it. These addresses are apassword"admin"
part of your Internal Network, and are called Internal IPIf you cant remember the password, post it on the
addresses. By set laws, an Internal IP address mayforum at and someone will help you!Step 3:For Belkin
start with the numbers 10,128, or 192. All the otherrouters, select virtual servers from the left menu. Enter
combinations are used for external addressing.Forsomething for description. Type "6889" or the required
example, my external IP address is 68.36.145.156. Thisport number in both fields for inbound port. Do the
IP address is assigned to my router. I have twosame for the Private port fields too. Select the
computers connected to the router, and they have theconnection type from the drop down. If you dont know
IP addresses 192.168.0.10 and 192.168.0.11. These are mywhat you need, try UDP. If that doesnt work, come
internal addresses.The Port conceptEven when youback and try TCP. In the private IP address field, enter
use a router to connect many machines to the internet,the computer to which you need the connection
other computers on the internet see one singleforwarded. In our case, this is 192.168.1.10Linksys
machine with the external IP address of the router.routers, select "Application and Gaming" from the top
They dont know that a router is sitting inside yourmenu, and the select 'portrange forwarding' from the
house and splitting the external address into manysubmenu. In another family of linksys routers, you can
internal IP addresses. They can only make afind 'Forwarding' section under 'advanced' tab of main
connection to your router, and your router decidessetup page. Rest of the process is the same as that
how to route the connection and to which internalfor Belkin routers above.Netgear routers, you'll find 'Port
computer to route it to.IP addresses are further dividedForwarding' under the 'Advanced' table in the main
into channels called ports. This permits one IP addresspage. The rest of the steps are same as above.Step
to be shared by multiple programs at the same time,4:Save the setting and restart the router. Your port
each using a different port. By standard everyforwarding is complete.