| Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a branch of | | | | earliest attractions of AI. Samuel wrote a |
| computer science, which tries to give | | | | program playing checkers in the 60's and many |
| "intelligence to machines". But the concept | | | | people contributed to the theory of game |
| of intelligence itself is debatable, and | | | | playing. Finally when a computer could beat |
| making these machines without life | | | | the then world champion in a chess game, that |
| "intelligent" is something near to | | | | was considered a victory of machine over man |
| impossible. But we can say safely that AI | | | | even though it was not so. Currently there |
| aims at producing intelligent behavior from | | | | are well-known algorithms for game playing |
| machines. What is the difference between | | | | and game playing is considered falling into |
| having intelligence and having intelligent | | | | the domain of algorithms than AI.2. Automatic |
| behavior? You can exhibit intelligent | | | | theorem proving: |
| behavior in a narrow field for some time | | | | |
| without really being intelligent. For example | | | | Mathematicians are believed to be super |
| a computer playing chess at the master level | | | | intelligent creatures, and so in its early |
| does not even know that it is playing chess. | | | | childhood AI tried to show intelligence by |
| But for the outsider the view is that it is | | | | creating machines capable of proving theorems |
| intelligent like a master. Also we need only | | | | by themselves. By having some basic |
| this intelligent behavior for many practical | | | | assumptions and rules, they tried to prove |
| purposes.AI uses ideas from diverse branches | | | | theorems by combining these rules, getting |
| of knowledge like computer science, | | | | new assumptions and so on. Gelernters program |
| economics, biology, social sciences, | | | | for geometry theorem proving was a typical |
| mathematics and even grammar. It has also | | | | example. Later it was realized that the |
| diverse applications in many areas of life. | | | | intelligence of human experts in this area is |
| That is, it is an interdisciplinary subject, | | | | not easily imitable, and the use of common |
| which takes ideas from almost all fields of | | | | sense and knowledge about mathematics was |
| knowledge and has applications in many | | | | needed to prove theorems. Currently not many |
| diverse areas of life. Some of the branches | | | | developments are taking place in this |
| of AI are discussed below. This in no way is | | | | area.3.Natural language processing (NLP) |
| a complete list.1. Game playing: | | | | |
| | | | Languages like English, French or Malayalam, |
| Playing a game like checkers, chess, or go, | | | | which are used by men, are called natural |
| requires a lot of intelligence for a human | | | | languages. The language we speak is often |
| being and so these tasks were one of the | | | | context sensitive. "Did you shoot the tiger? |